Glossary

Body effect

Beginner

A switch gets a little harder to turn on when it sits higher up in a stack of switches.

Novice

The threshold voltage rises when the source is at a higher voltage than the body, which happens in transistors stacked in series.

Expert

VT=VT0+γ(ϕs+VSB−ϕs)V_{\mathrm{T}} = V_{\mathrm{T0}} + \gamma\left(\sqrt{\phi_{\mathrm{s}} + V_{\mathrm{SB}}} - \sqrt{\phi_{\mathrm{s}}}\right). It weakens upper transistors in series stacks and is exploited deliberately by body biasing.