HSM
Beginner
A locked, tamper-proof box that banks use to keep and use their most secret codes.
Novice
Hardware security module: a tamper-resistant device that creates, stores and uses encryption keys without ever revealing them to the computer it is attached to.
Expert
Usually validated to FIPS 140-3. Built from secure processors, crypto accelerators and tamper detection that erases keys on intrusion.
Explained in Fintech and trading (Industries).