FMEDA
Beginner
A big table of every way each part of a chip could fail, and whether something would catch it.
Novice
Failure Modes, Effects and Diagnostic Analysis: a table listing, for each block of the chip, the ways it can fail, how often, what each failure would do to a safety goal, and what share a safety mechanism would catch.
Expert
The quantitative backbone of the hardware safety case: summing its rows produces SPFM, LFM and PMHF. Its diagnostic-coverage figures should be validated by fault injection rather than taken from tables.
Explained in Automotive (Industries).