Block RAM (BRAM)
Beginner
Ready-made memory blocks built into an FPGA, for storing lots of numbers on the chip.
Novice
Dedicated blocks of SRAM, tens of kilobits each, laid out in columns across an FPGA. A design uses them for buffers, tables and FIFOs instead of building memory from LUTs.
Expert
Hard synchronous, usually dual-port SRAM (36 Kb on AMD 7 series, 20 Kb M20K on Altera, 18 kbit EBR on ECP5) with configurable aspect ratio, cascading and optional ECC.
Explained in Lookup tables and the FPGA fabric (Architectures).
See also: SRAM (static RAM), Hard IP (FPGA).